The Bijlmermeer, on Amsterdam's south-east edge, applied CIAM functionalist ideals at large scale: honeycomb-plan high-rise slabs set in open green space, with traffic raised on elevated roads and strict separation of cars and pedestrians. Intended as a modern city of the future, it suffered from poor occupancy, social problems and isolation soon after completion. From the 1990s much of it was demolished and rebuilt at lower density. Its trajectory became a cautionary case study.
The Bijlmermeer is a widely cited example of the limits of late-modernist mass housing and prompted a Dutch reappraisal of high-rise estates.
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