21st Century (2000–present)

Paris Resilience Strategy & 15-minute city policies

2020– · France · Western & Central Europe · Ecological, landscape-led, and resilience planning · Planned by Ville de Paris
Aerial photograph of central Paris and its dense historic fabric.
Aerial photograph of central Paris and its dense historic fabric. · CC BY 4.0

Core idea

Proximity services & school streets

Why it matters

Worldwide policy reference

Description

Paris's resilience strategy and '15-minute city' policies (from 2020), championed by Mayor Anne Hidalgo and theorist Carlos Moreno, aim to make daily needs reachable within a short walk or cycle, through bike lanes, school-streets, greening, and decentralized services.

Significance

Paris turned the 15-minute city from concept into headline policy for a major capital, making proximity the organizing goal of urban life and accelerating a global, post-pandemic rethink of how cities are structured.

What shaped it

Plans it influenced

Sources

Open it on the interactive timeline →
hub.toekom.st — History of Urbanism · an interactive timeline of 850 planned cities across 6,000 years.